Open World p 37. Travel. Oral Mediation

A friend of yours from California is working for an international tour operator which is interested in starting working with Spanish customers.  Your friend's boss has asked him to write a report about the travel interests of Spanish people. While doing his research, he came across these pictures of Spanish travellers on Google. He sends them to you so that you can shed some light on travelling interests in your country. Your friend also asks you some questions about this topic. You decide to send your friend a voice message with an explanation of 2 minutes.











1. Could you please comment on the pictures I have sent you?
2. Could you discuss the travel preferences of Spanish people?
3. Do people in your country or region travel more or less than in the past? Why? Has the way Spanish people travel changed a lot over the last 20 years?
4. Do Spanish people enjoy travelling to see famous sights and museums? Are there many culture vultures in Spain? Do Spanish travellers look for sublime views of flawless landscapes in idyllic surroundings?
Do they tend to visit bustling cities or unspoilt secluded beaches and coves in the back of beyond? Do many of them travel to unwind and to take their minds off work or study?

5. What problems do Spaniards have while travelling? How do they go about solving them?
6. What’s the opinion of Spanish travellers regarding low-cost airline companies? and as regards all inclusive package holidays?

7. Do Spanish people usually travel in the lap of luxury, or on a shoestring budget? Do they spend a fortune splashing out hundreds of euros on holidays? Or do they relish roughing it?
8. When Spanish people are asked about their best life memories. Do they normally talk about their trips? What makes these trips such truly memorable experiences?
9. Is there anything that people do that really irritates Spaniards when they travel? What gets on their nerves? Do they have a beef about anything in particular? Is there anything that personally gets your goat?
10. What ‘real wonders of the world’ would you recommend to Spanish people?

11. Do Spanish travellers become rather weary easily?
12. Are there many seasoned travellers in the area where you live?
13. What do Spaniards prefer, short-haul or long-haul destinations?
14. Are there many intrepid travellers in Spain? Do people enjoy visiting
far-flung locations and wandering off the beaten track? Do many people travel single-handedly?

15. Are Spanish people discerning travellers? Do they look for bargains that are really good value for money? 



Useful language to describe a chart:
 
This chart illustrates how...
This
chart compares...
The results that are shown in the
chart are...
As can be seen from these results,
...
According to this chart, 
From the data in the above
chart, it is apparent that ...
We can see on this
chart how... 
The
chart indicates that...
The
chart represents...
The information given in the chart...
The percentage of people who... is shown on the chart.  
The chart shows quite clearly 
the impact of...


On Screen C1 WB p 34. Listening

Ex 2

Script

Interviewer: Good morning and welcome back to the show. The current job market is very competitive so to give any job seekers listening a helping hand we’ve got Charles Norris, a career coach, in the studio to tell us what we can do to stand out from the crowd. Welcome to the show, Charles.
Charles: Thank you, it’s good to be here. 

Interviewer: Now, first off, what do you do in your role as a career coach?
Charles: As a career coach, my job is to identify which aspects of a client’s job-hunting skills are weak and empower them to take charge of their career aspirations in order for them to fulfil their potential and find, and hopefully secure, the right position. I give them advice on their CV, covering letters, online profiles and interview techniques. I also assist in job searches but I don’t find them a job. I can help them discover what it is they want, and give them the tools to get it, but ultimately, they have to put in the legwork.
Interviewer: OK, well let’s talk a little bit about the advice you give clients. What would you say is necessary for a successful CV?

Charles: Well, when talking about the CV, I think the most important thing to remember is that it’s not complete without a covering letter. The covering letter should effectively be the first page of the CV and it should tell any prospective employer when they read it all they need to know about you. The CV is there to fill in the details and give more background information. One of the biggest mistakes that applicants make is writing a blanket covering letter and CV. Because this is what employers will build their first impression on, it should be tailored to the job.
Interviewer: What do you mean by that?
Charles: I mean that for each position you apply for you should have a different CV and covering letter containing the information about you which is specifically relevant to the job. For example, if you are applying for a job as a computer programmer in a company that uses a certain programming software there’s no point in detailing your experience in a different software no matter how extensive it might be. That can be included as a footnote but not as a main selling point. To do this, it’s a good idea to go through the job description in the advert you are replying to and see how your skills and personality fills the requirement of the position.
Interviewer: And what about sending an email CV? Is that acceptable?
Charles: Of course. Everything is online now so why not. Actually, a person’s online presence is an important factor when job hunting. Where the Internet was once a revolution in socialising, it is now equally important when looking for a job. Employers will often search for applicants they are interested in to find more information about them so you should ensure that whatever they might find is suitable and that anything inappropriate is removed. The Internet is a wonderful tool for today’s job-seekers. A number of my clients use a business orientated networking site to find out about jobs and companies.
Interviewer: Really? They’re that important?
Charles: Oh yes! They are an essential networking tool and networking is key to finding a job. They’re also a key resource for recruiters so it’s worth taking the time to make sure you include key words in your profile and the details you include show what you have to offer and reflect your personality. Especially in the headline. The headline is the only thing users see if they conduct a search so you have to make it count. I had a client who posted a very catchy headline and he was snapped up by a company within two weeks. And, of course, you can upload your CV so anyone reading your profile can read it if they choose.
Interviewer: OK, now what about the all-important interview? They can be a nerve-racking experience so how do you prepare your clients for them?
Charles: Again, research is important here. You have to find out as much information as you can about the company, their client base and also their competitors. This is especially important when it comes to the question about why you want to work for them, which they will undoubtedly ask. You can also search for frequently asked interview questions and prepare answers for them in case they come up. And you should always make sure that you have a selection of questions to ask the interviewer about the work, the company, anything really to show your interest.
Interviewer: Well, I’m afraid that’s all we’ve got time for. Thank you so much, Charles. I’m sure you’ve given our listeners a lot to think about. 

 

do the legwork To do the physically or mentally demanding work required to accomplish something. 

E.g.

I'm sure you'll be able to find a good job, but you've got to do the legwork. One isn't going to just fall into your lap!

 

blanket (adj.) including or affecting all possible cases, situations or people.

E.g.

a blanket ban on tobacco advertising     

What I object to most is the blanket opposition to change

a blanket covering letter and CV 

 

tailored: made or done specially for someone’s particular need or situation.

E.g.

tailored financial advice 

 

extensive: including or dealing with a wide range of information. Sp. amplio.

E.g.

Extensive research has been done into this disease.     

His knowledge of music is extensive.     

She has extensive experience in computers 

 

footnote: an extra piece of information that is given at the bottom of a page, below the main text. Sp. nota a pie de página.

E.g.

In a footnote it says that the money was later found.  Sp. En una nota a pie de página dice que después encontraron el dinero.

 

selling point: a feature of something that makes people want to buy or use it. Sp. gancho comercial, ventaja.

E.g.

The price is obviously one of the main selling points. Sales departments try to identify a product's USP or ‘unique selling point’ 

Small classes are a selling point for private schools 

 

Online presence refers to all activity and content that an entity—a person or a business—has under their name on the internet. This includes accounts, assets, interactions, and any pieces of information created by or about the person or business. 


recruiter: /rɪˈkruːtə(r)/ a person whose job is to find new people to join a company, an organization, the armed forces, etc.

 

make it count: to make something have as useful and positive an effect as possible. To ensure that some action has the most beneficial or effective result possible.

E.g.

You only get one chance, so you have to make it count. (Sp. aprovéchala)


snap something up      ​[often passive] (informal) to buy or obtain something quickly because it is cheap or you want it very much. Sp. venderse como pan caliente.

E.g.

All the best bargains were snapped up within hours.         

(figurative) She's been snapped up by Hollywood to star in two major movies


nerve-racking (also nerve-wracking) ​making you feel very nervous and worried.

E.g.

Speaking in public can be a nerve-wracking experience.  

Fran faced a nerve-racking wait for her test results

It was a nerve-racking drive up the mountain 

 

client base the regular customers that a business has. Sp cartera de clientes.

E.g.

Our client base has grown from 10 companies to more than 500. 

a large/extensive/growing client base 

widen/broaden/expand your client base 



when it comes to (doing) something: ​when it is a question of something. With regard to.

E.g. 

When it comes to getting things done, he's useless.

I love to read, but I have trouble when it comes to studying science. Sp. Me encanta leer, pero tengo problemas cuando se trata de estudiar ciencia.


come up: to be mentioned or discussed. Sp. surgir, mencionarse, salir, aparecer.

E.g.

The subject came up in conversation.
The question is bound to come up at the meeting.




 

Open World p 34. A Contribution To a Guidebook On Food Trends. Word Formation

 

A new year means new food and certain trends guide the global food industry. It is traditional. This inexact science, a blend of research, intuition and (1)_____________ (WISH) thinking might, depending on your point of view, seem either (2)_________ (HARM) or ridiculous. But it has been lucrative for many businesses. People follow the latest fads. When Instagrammable stuff gets old, they (3)__________ (INSTINCT) look for the next thing.

Special occasion dining

When we do dine in, it will be (4)___________ (MEMORY). More exclusive types of dining experiences in the dining room—think tasting menus, private dining experiences that go above and beyond with ingredients and access. People will go out for a truly (5)_____________ (FORGET) dining experience where they feel safe and can expect an experience (6)____________ (LIKE) anything they’ve had before. Dining out is starting to feel really special again—tasting menus with wine are an example.

This year will bring two (7)______________ (POLARISE) approaches to dining. One that embraces the need for simpler, comforting and soul-(8)__________ (NOURISH) cuisine and the other that functions as an escape and embraces (9)____________ (FRIVOLOUS)—allowing patrons to be both fancy and indulgent.

Individualized tasting menus

As diners feel more and more comfortable going out, the same old menus just won't cut it any more. Dining out will really become something (10)_______________ (SEEK) out for a unique experience. They want something created just for them, making it truly a reason to get out of the house and celebrate.

Small-group private dining will become more (11)_______________ (PREVAIL). Restaurants that can provide safe, intimate spaces for small groups will be more (12)___________ (SUCCESS).

 

At-home restaurant experiences

This year many restaurants across the globe had to quickly pivot towards expanding into takeout and (13)___________ (DELIVER), and this trend is not going away any time soon. It will evolve as chefs are creating new and interesting ways to bring the restaurant experience to life at home for guests. At our restaurants, paella became one of the most popular items on the to-go menus. The paella pan fits perfectly into a pizza box, while keeping the rice hot, so you had this element of presentation you'd get in the restaurant.

Restaurant-style meals (14)___________ (PACKAGE) for the family will definitely keep trending in the year to come. Plant-based, healthy vegetarian dishes with (15)__________ (SEASON) ingredients and global flavour are here to stay in the future. (16)______________ (WONDER) curated meals with soul, taste, and creativity can be picked up at a favourite restaurant and ready on the table in a split second.

 

More virtual cooking classes

Online, chef-driven virtual cooking classes will continue to expand this year. Many people will keep this fun way to get together with friends and family and be entertained at home while preparing a good meal and cooking along with a chef.

With everyone having been hunkered down, more and more people started cultivating their own food resources and began cooking more as well. There is a (17)_________ (THIRSTY) for knowledge again that we saw 10 years ago where cooking classes were really popular. 

Condiments

With so many more people preparing more meals and washing more dishes than they have in decades, cooking with condiments and sauces will be a big trend. Whether you make your own chimichurri or sauerkraut or buy chili crisp by the bag-load, adding pre-prepared flavour to simple ingredients means dinner comes together easier and is often more exciting to eat. Plus condiments often have long shelf lives and can be stretched over a number of meals.

Comfort food

The trends are going towards comfort and (18)___________ (SIMPLE). This is due to the pandemic, and everyone looking for a sense of comfort and (19)_________ (NORMAL). Anything that reminds them of what it used to be like. Classic pizzas (no pineapple), burgers without a bunch of crazy (20)___________ (TOP), real tacos (not fancy wraps), old-fashioned barbecue, mac and cheese, country fried steak, fried catfish, biscuits and gravy … you name it, as long as it tastes good, someone else makes it, and it’s not at your house!

TLC

Without perspective and acts of (21)____________ (KIND), we won’t move forward as a society. No longer is it appropriate and enough to treat customers coldly and (22)_______________ (PERSON). If you can connect someone to a venue, a publication, a brand opportunity etc., that might be the very thing that helps a business or a person survive.

More fermenting, preserving, and canning

 (23)________________ (FERMENT) is becoming really big again, same with canning and preserving. We saw a huge climb in this technique during COVID (24)______________ (LOCK), and it allowed us to still be able to support our farms. We were able to buy ingredients farmers had on-hand. We spent a lot of time indoors, so we canned, preserved, pickled and fermented as much as we could. I think a lot of us fell in love again with this way of preparing food.

Restaurant industry overhaul

Restaurants need to (25)____________ (UNDER) a complete transformation because they currently are unstable and (26)_________________ (SUSTAIN). This truth has been being realized for years and reached its current zenith during the pandemic. What has emerged from the trauma and turmoil of our (27)______________ (COLLECT) stresses has been restaurants pivoting towards models that are more hybrid, take out, and curated (28)___________ (GROCER). This change is quite (29)____________ (POSSIBILITY) permanent. These models are an evolution that is at the vanguard of what's possible. We have seen a refocus on community and combating food access. Politics and social (30)_____________ (HIERARCHICAL) that have clouded that purpose are being put to bed in favour of an (31)_______________ (AWAKE) to a universal realization. That food and the service of it are an integral part of our being and not a luxury. While elegant dishes and the (32)____________________ (BEAUTY) of food is not going anywhere—nor should it—we find that food is becoming (33)_____________ (APPROACH) and (34)______________ (EGALITARIANISM) again. Community (35)___________ (REACH) and (36)_________________ (CHARITY) initiatives will be part and parcel of the new model. One can hope that one of the gifts of this (37)_____________ (TUMULT) pandemic years will be a more (38)____________ (EQUITABLY) future. Many (39)____________ (VULNERABLE) in restaurants were exposed, but we also came together like never before.

There will be an emphasis on practices to support the health and vitality of the restaurant industry, including an examination of overall price and tipping structures. Businesses will have continued conversations with consumers on how they can help promote (40)____________ (SUSTAIN) in the industry. We’ll see even more (41)___________ (RELY) on local sourcing and investing in the local economy. Chef collaboration and conversations to promote greater understanding of culture and cooking. 

Destination restaurants

Given the current circumstances of things, it seems that more and more people will be looking to seek refuge from the city and search out dining destinations in more (42)_______________ (SECLUSION) areas where they can have a high quality experience with a bit more space to themselves. Between the need for open spaces and restrictions on international travel, domestic and drive-to destinations will become much more popular.
 

Hygiene precautions

Even after everyone’s vaccinated, we won't see restaurants overbooking and (43)_________ (CRAM) as many guests in as possible for a few years at least. (44)___________ (SANITISE), spacing, and an overall concern for the guests' comfort levels will remain a high priority. 

All we know is that we are (45)______________ (AWARENESS) of what the future holds in store. This pandemic has been tough, and the (46)_____________ (DEVASTATE) to small businesses is too great to measure at this moment. However, as we've seen throughout history possibly the greatest (47)______________ (INNOVATE) and evolution will happen after tragic and (48)_____________ (TRAUMA) events. 



KEY

 1. wishful

 

 

 

2. harmless

 

 

3. instinctively 

 

 

4. memorable 

 

 

 

5. unforgettable

 

 

 

6. unlike 

 

 

 

7. polarising 

 

 

 

8. nourishing 

 

 

 

9. frivolousness/ frivolity

the quality of behaving in a silly way and not taking anything seriously: We can't completely blame young people for their frivolousness. They criticised the frivolousness of the entertainment industry
 
 
 
10. sought 
 
 
 
11. prevalent
prevalent: common, widespread  
 
 
 
12. successful 
 
 
 
13. delivery 
 
 
 
14. packaged 
 
 
 
15. seasonal 
 
 
 
16. Wonderfully  
 
 
 
17. thirst
 
 
 
18. simplicity  

 

 

 

19. normality

 

 

 

20. toppings 

 

 

 

21. kindness 

 

 

 

22. impersonally 

 

 

 

23. Fermentation 

 

 

 

24. lockdowns 

 

 

 

25.undergo

 

 

 

26. unsustainable

 

 

 

27. collective

 

 

 

28. groceries

 

 

 

29. possibly

 

 

 

30. hierarchy

 

 

 

31. awakening

 

 

 

32. beautification

 

 

 

33. approachable

 

 

 

34. egalitarian

 

 

 

35. outreach

 

 

 

36. charitable

 

 

 

37. tumultuous

 

 

 

38. equitable

 

 

 

39. vulnerabilities

 

 

 

40. sustainability

 

 

 

41. reliance

 

 

 

42. secluded

 

 

 

43. cramming 

 

 

 

44. Sanitation 

 

 

 

45.unaware

 

 

 

46. devastation

 

 

 

 

47. innovations

 

 

 

48. traumatic

 

 


 

 

 

 


Open World p 31. Will Millard. Listening

When Will set off, he did his first (1)__________________.
Since the river was very  (2)_________________ in parts, the boat's bottom was (3)_________________ the rocks.
Will saw (4)_________________ around.
Will felt completely (5)_________________ on both sides by the jungle.
Later Will was silently (6)________________ up to an enormous fish eagle which had a big (7)____________________________ head and dark wings, which were (8)________________________ across the back.
The eagle had a huge (9)____________________in its (10)____________________.
On his first night in the forest Will put up a (11)___________________________ and he slept on a (12)__________________________.
The following day he was planning to take on a large (13)________________.
The island where he slept marked the start of a series of (14)___________________, which consisted of (15)_________________________________ passages.
Hitting a big rock almost (16)________________ the raft.
After the waterfall he took refuge in an (17)________________________ , where he was going to unpack everything and (18)________________________ the water in the raft.
Not only did the raft have all his communication (19)______________________ and his food, but it also had his (20)____________________ on.



KEY
1. paddle strokes



2. shallow



3. rubbing along 



4. dragonflies buzzing
dragonflies: Sp. libélula
buzz: to make a continuous low sound 
E.g. Bees buzzed lazily among the flowers.



5. hemmed in
hem in: to surround somebody/something so that they cannot move or grow easily. E.g. The village is hemmed in on all sides by mountains.



6. drifting 



7. white-capped



8. burgundy-brown
burgundy: Sp. burdeos



9. catfish 





10. talons
talon: a long, sharp, curved nail on the feet of some birds. Sp. garra



11. mosquito net  



12. hammock
hammock: a type of bed made from a net or from a piece of strong material, with ropes at each end that are used to hang it between two trees, posts, etc.



13. cataract 
cataract: a large, steep waterfall



14. rapids 



15. rock-strewn whitewater



16. flipped
flip: to turn over into a different position with a sudden quick movement; to make something do this. E.g. The plane flipped and crashed.



17. eddy
eddy: a movement of air, dust or water in a circle



18. tip out
tip: pour something from one place or container into another. E.g. tip something onto/into something Tip the onions and oil into a large ovenproof dish. Ben tipped the contents of the drawer onto the table. tip something out Shall I tip the water out? 



19. equipment



20. shelter 

Open World p 31. Daniela Papi. Listening

In Sri Lanka Daniela did (1)________________________.
In Cambodia  they spent months (2)_____________________.
The trip they organized was called (3)_____________________.
The money raised for small projects got (4)___________ or (5)____________________.
Daniela decided to stay in Cambodia longer in order to put the school and the funds to (6)__________________.
Not only does the practice of sending volunteers abroad fail the community they serve but it also sets the volunteers and our society (7)__________________ in the future.
In the west it is widely believed that because our countries are richer we should (8)_____________________ people.
The praise and support volunteers get is (9)______________________ the details, the process, or the research for how they plan to help.
The fact that we are not critical enough about how volunteers should prepare to help is creating  (10)______________________

KEY
1. post-tsunami work



2. fundraising



3. "The PEPY Ride"



4. wasted



5. landed in corrupt hands.



6. better use



7. up for failure



8. bestow our benevolence on



9. almost blind to



10. a double standard


a double standard: a rule or moral principle that is unfair because it is used in one situation, but not in another, or because it treats one group of people in a way that is different from the treatment of another. Sp. doble moral, doble rasero. E.g. The governor is being accused of (having) double standards in being tough on law and order yet allowing his own cabinet members to escape prosecution for fraud.